China bets on sweeping AI rollout to revive growth and generate jobs

Beijing,— China is accelerating a nationwide push to adopt artificial intelligence across industries in an effort to create jobs and revive economic growth, policymakers and corporate leaders said, as authorities seek to counter concerns that the technology could undermine employment.

Plans unveiled during the opening of China’s annual parliamentary session last week placed artificial intelligence at the center of the country’s economic strategy, outlining ambitions to use the technology to raise productivity and address structural challenges including an ageing workforce and slowing growth.

Chinese policymakers said large-scale deployment of artificial intelligence could help offset labour shortages and support economic expansion in the coming years. Officials have framed the technology as a key pillar in modernizing the economy and boosting industrial efficiency.

Government plans emphasize the “job-creation” potential of artificial intelligence over the next five years, positioning it as a tool to stimulate productivity across sectors while supporting broader economic reforms.

The strategy comes as global debate intensifies over the potential impact of artificial intelligence on labour markets. While experts warn the technology could replace certain roles, Chinese officials have sought to reassure the public that new sectors and services will generate additional employment opportunities.

Policymakers have also acknowledged that adjustments to welfare systems may be necessary as the labour market evolves alongside technological change, particularly for younger workers entering the workforce.

Educational institutions across China have begun expanding programmes aimed at preparing students and workers for an economy increasingly shaped by artificial intelligence. Universities are promoting reskilling initiatives designed to equip graduates with technical and digital capabilities aligned with emerging industries.

The initiatives form part of a broader effort to integrate advanced technologies into the country’s long-term economic development strategy while addressing demographic and productivity challenges.