Zoë Garbett has begun her term as mayor of the London Borough of Hackney following a significant electoral breakthrough for the Green Party of England and Wales in local elections earlier this month.Garbett’s victory ended decades of Labour political control in the east London borough and formed part of a broader advance by the Green Party across England.

Nationally, the party secured more than 500 council seats, gained control of five councils and won two mayoralties during the local elections.The result in Hackney drew particular political attention because of the borough’s longstanding association with the Labour Party.

In addition to Garbett winning the directly elected mayoralty, the Green Party expanded its representation on the council from four councillors to 40. Labour’s representation fell from 50 seats in 2022 to nine.“Before the election, I was saying it’s going to be really different this time, there is going to be a different landscape in London,” Garbett said.

“But I genuinely did not think it would be to this scale.”The political shift in Hackney reflects wider changes in voter alignment in parts of urban England, where housing costs, public services, environmental policy and dissatisfaction with established political parties have become increasingly influential local issues.Hackney is one of London’s most socially and economically diverse boroughs.

According to Hackney Council data, around half of residents are from Black and other global majority communities. The borough also contains significant disparities in income and living conditions, with affluent neighbourhoods existing alongside areas of long-term deprivation.Government data from the English Indices of Deprivation has identified Hackney as one of the country’s most severely affected areas for child deprivation.

Life expectancy in the borough also remains below the national average despite sustained regeneration and investment in parts of east London over the past two decades.Garbett now oversees a council administration responsible for services including housing, transport, public health, adult social care and environmental management.

Hackney Council operates with an annual budget of approximately £2 billion.Housing policy is expected to become one of the defining issues of Garbett’s administration. The borough has experienced sustained gentrification over recent years, driven by rising property prices, private investment and population growth across east London.

Those changes have contributed to pressure on social housing availability and concerns over displacement among long-term residents and community organisations.Garbett said her administration intends to prioritise the expansion of what she described as “genuinely affordable homes” alongside investment in council housing maintenance and safety improvements.

She also announced plans for a programme called “Who Owns Hackney”, which she said would focus on identifying empty properties that could potentially be repurposed for public or community use.“There is no extra money from government but we’ve got all these assets in empty properties and we could be doing much more,” Garbett said.

Her comments reflect wider financial constraints facing local authorities across England. Councils have faced prolonged budgetary pressure following years of reduced central government funding combined with rising demand for social care, housing support and local infrastructure spending.

The mayor said concerns about displacement and loss of community space were particularly relevant for Black residents and Black-owned businesses in Hackney, where redevelopment and rising commercial rents have altered the borough’s social and economic composition.“Black spaces for black communities and black-led business have been kind of pushed out of Hackney,” Garbett said.

“So it is a question of how can we use the council’s assets to push back against some of that and open up these spaces for people to use again.”The Green Party’s electoral growth has prompted debate within British politics about whether the party’s platform has broadened beyond its traditional environmental focus into housing, public services and economic inequality.

Garbett rejected suggestions that climate policy had become secondary within the party’s agenda.She said climate policy remained central to the borough’s proposed governance framework and described climate justice as a guiding principle linking multiple policy areas, including housing resilience, public health, urban planning and transport.

“Everything I do has got climate and climate justice at its centre,” Garbett said. “It’s one of our core principles that runs through our manifesto, from trying to buy back council homes and make housing safer and more resilient, to rewilding in parks, from public health to transport.”Her administration is expected to face immediate scrutiny over how environmental priorities are balanced against financial limitations and rising service demands.

Like many London boroughs, Hackney continues to manage pressures linked to temporary accommodation costs, adult social care funding and infrastructure maintenance.The political implications of the Hackney result extend beyond local government. The Green Party’s gains in London and other urban centres have raised questions about future competition between progressive parties for voters dissatisfied with Labour while also opposed to right-wing political movements.

Garbett acknowledged concerns among residents regarding national political developments, particularly around immigration policy and the growth of right-wing parties in parts of Britain.

“I speak to residents all the time in Hackney who are terrified about the changes to immigration for them or their family members and communities if Reform get in,” she said, referring to Reform UK.She said the Green Party’s local performance created a responsibility to demonstrate effective governance and provide an alternative political model capable of retaining progressive support.

“We’ve got a responsibility to deliver and to make sure that people are looking to the Green party as an alternative rather than to Reform or further rightwing parties,” Garbett said.

The change in leadership at Hackney Town Hall marks one of the most significant local political realignments in London in recent years and places the borough at the centre of wider debates over urban governance, environmental policy and shifting electoral loyalties in Britain.

A deteriorating stretch of road in central Bristol has become a visible symbol of a wider infrastructure challenge facing local authorities across Britain, where mounting repair costs, constrained council budgets and increasingly severe weather are contributing to what officials and industry groups describe as a growing pothole crisis.

Marsh Street, a 200-metre road in central Bristol, has attracted local attention for its heavily damaged surface. Cracks, patched sections, depressions and potholes cover much of the carriageway, exposing multiple layers of road construction in some places.

The condition of the road has become a frequent subject of discussion among residents and road users, with some describing it as one of the city’s worst examples of deteriorating infrastructure.For professional drivers who use the route regularly, the damage presents practical challenges.

Bristol bus driver Gary Gainey said operating large vehicles over uneven surfaces places strain on drivers and passengers alike. He noted that bus drivers frequently exchange information about particularly severe potholes because larger vehicles often have limited ability to avoid them safely.

While Marsh Street has become a local talking point, transport experts say the problem extends far beyond Bristol. Across the United Kingdom, deteriorating roads have become one of the most visible indicators of pressure on local public services.

According to estimates from the motoring organisation RAC, there are approximately one million potholes across residential, urban and rural roads in the UK, averaging around six potholes per mile.

Data compiled by the organisation suggests conditions have worsened significantly in recent years. Compensation claims against local authorities for pothole-related vehicle damage increased by 90% during the three years leading up to 2024, while reports of vehicle breakdowns linked to potholes rose sharply during early 2025.

Public concern has elevated road maintenance into a major political issue. A recent YouGov survey found that voters ranked potholes, congestion and road maintenance among their most important local concerns, ahead of issues such as healthcare, immigration and the cost of living.

For many residents, deteriorating roads have become a highly visible measure of the condition of local public services.The political attention has prompted responses across the UK’s political spectrum. The government has announced an additional £500 million for local highway maintenance, with funding tied to requirements that councils publicly report repair performance.

Opposition parties have also proposed various road maintenance initiatives, while devolved administrations have pledged additional funding packages aimed at addressing deteriorating road conditions.Despite the growing political focus, local government officials and transport specialists argue that the underlying problem cannot be solved through short-term pothole filling alone.

Most local roads are maintained by councils rather than national highway authorities. Funding is drawn from a combination of local resources and central government allocations. However, local authorities face competing financial demands, including social care, education and other statutory services.

In Bristol, the city council recently approved £10.3 million over five years for additional road maintenance as part of a broader £21 million highways investment programme. According to council officials, the funding effectively doubles the amount received from the Department for Transport this year.

Yet local highway managers say even that increase remains insufficient. Shaun Taylor, Bristol City Council’s head of highways, estimates that while approximately £3 million is available for road maintenance this year, around £9 million would be needed annually to prevent roads from deteriorating to the point where potholes develop in the first place.

Taylor argues that potholes themselves are often symptoms of a deeper structural problem rather than the primary issue. Emergency repairs are necessary to ensure safety, but recurring potholes typically indicate broader failure within the road surface and underlying structure.

Comprehensive resurfacing and preventative maintenance cost more initially but deliver substantially greater value over time.Department for Transport analysis suggests that preventative road maintenance can generate returns exceeding four times the initial investment over a decade compared with repeated reactive repairs.

The scale of the challenge is reflected in national estimates. Local authorities in England and Wales have calculated that eliminating the existing road repair backlog would require approximately £18.6 billion. This figure comes despite councils filling an estimated 1.9 million potholes during the previous year, equivalent to roughly one repair every 17 seconds.

Transport economists say the funding gap remains the central obstacle. Professor Phill Wheat of the University of Leeds, who specialises in highway maintenance economics, argues that current funding levels allow councils to maintain minimum safety standards but not to address the root causes of deterioration.

Experts also point to environmental factors. Water is widely recognised as the leading cause of pothole formation. Rainwater enters small cracks in road surfaces, weakening underlying materials and accelerating structural damage. Periods of prolonged rainfall can dramatically increase the rate at which road surfaces deteriorate.

Local authorities report that recent winters have been particularly challenging. Increased rainfall and changing weather patterns associated with climate change are placing additional stress on road networks. Heavier vehicles and growing traffic volumes contribute further wear, but engineers continue to identify water infiltration as the principal driver of pothole formation.

According to local officials, wetter winters are likely to make maintenance increasingly difficult. Roads designed for previous climate conditions may face greater deterioration rates as rainfall intensifies and extreme weather becomes more frequent.Policy specialists also argue that the structure of government funding can create difficulties.

While performance-linked grants encourage accountability, some local government experts contend that narrowly targeted funding limits councils’ flexibility to pursue broader infrastructure improvements.

Annual funding cycles can also hinder long-term planning, making it harder for authorities to implement preventative maintenance programmes that require sustained investment over multiple years.The Department for Transport says recent reforms are intended to address those concerns. Officials state that £7.3 billion in multi-year funding has been allocated to help councils plan ahead and focus on preventative maintenance rather than short-term repairs.

Of that total, £2.1 billion is linked to requirements that local authorities demonstrate effective repair and prevention strategies.The department says early results are encouraging, reporting a 15% increase in preventative road maintenance activity during 2025 compared with the previous year.Nevertheless, transport economists warn that without a sustained increase in funding, road conditions could continue to deteriorate.

They argue that as underlying infrastructure worsens, councils will be forced to spend an increasing share of limited budgets on emergency repairs, leaving even fewer resources available for long-term reconstruction.Bristol officials acknowledge that current funding levels may not be sufficient to maintain roads at existing standards over the coming decades.

However, the city has begun a programme to upgrade 159 roads with protective surface treatments designed to reduce damage from water and ultraviolet exposure.

For Marsh Street, relief is finally in sight. Bristol City Council has confirmed that the road is scheduled for full resurfacing in July, replacing the damaged surface that has become one of the city’s most visible examples of Britain’s broader struggle to maintain its ageing local road network.

The confidential papers, published by the British government on Thursday, reveal that Buckingham Palace actively backed Andrew’s elevation to a high-profile trade promotion role that he held from 2001 until 2011.

“The Queen is very keen that the Duke of York should take on a prominent role in the promotion of national interests,” the head of Britain’s trade body wrote in one of the documents released.

Another government memo circulated to British trade officials overseas warned that Andrew’s “high public profile” would require “careful and sometimes strict media management.”

The disclosures emerged months after British lawmakers accused Andrew of prioritizing his relationship with late financier Jeffrey Epstein over Britain’s national interests, intensifying scrutiny of the monarchy’s handling of the scandal.

Trade Minister Chris Bryant said in a statement to parliament that officials found “no evidence that a formal due diligence or vetting process was undertaken” before Andrew assumed the envoy position.

Bryant said the appointment had been viewed at the time as a continuation of the royal family’s long-standing involvement in promoting British trade and investment abroad following the Duke of Kent’s withdrawal from related duties.

The minister also confirmed the government was cooperating with an investigation by Thames Valley Police into Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor and possible misconduct in public office.

Andrew was stripped of his royal titles last year by King Charles III as the monarchy sought to contain fallout linked to the Epstein scandal and wider questions surrounding the conduct of senior royals.

The former duke resigned as Britain’s special trade representative in 2011 after criticism over his associations with controversial figures in Libya and Azerbaijan.

Fresh scrutiny intensified after U.S. authorities released extensive court and investigative documents tied to Epstein, detailing his relationships with influential political, business and social figures across multiple countries.

The revelations have renewed debate in Britain over the influence of elite networks within public institutions, the monarchy and political circles.

Terminally ill campaigners and British photographer Rankin have launched a renewed push for assisted dying legislation in England and Wales, urging lawmakers to revive a stalled bill that supporters say would give dying people greater control over end-of-life decisions.

The campaign, organised with advocacy group Dignity in Dying, comes ahead of Thursday’s private member’s bill ballot in parliament and follows mounting frustration among supporters after legislation introduced by Labour MP Kim Leadbeater cleared the House of Commons but became delayed in the House of Lords amid a large number of amendments.

Rankin, one of Britain’s best-known photographers and directors, said his involvement in the campaign stemmed from an encounter in late 2023 with Paola Marra, a terminally ill woman who later travelled to the Swiss assisted dying clinic Dignitas.

During a RankinLIVE portrait event in London’s Carnaby Street shortly before Christmas that year, Marra asked the photographer to take what would become her final public image before travelling to Switzerland.“I asked what the occasion was, and she said: ‘I’m going to Dignitas,’” Rankin recalled.

Marra, a former music industry and charity worker, had terminal bowel cancer. The portrait later gained widespread attention after it was released alongside a farewell video following her death at the Swiss clinic in March 2024.

In the image, the 53-year-old gestures defiantly toward the camera while referencing her illness.Rankin said the encounter had a profound impact on him and helped shape his support for assisted dying reform.“It was like a punch to the stomach,” he said.

The latest campaign includes a series of short films featuring terminally ill individuals discussing fears surrounding the end of life and arguing for legal changes that would allow medically assisted dying under regulated circumstances.One of the videos, titled “Time to Back the Bill Again,” features eight participants aged between 19 and 77.

The film opens with one participant saying: “Yep. I’m terminal.”The campaign’s central message urges MPs to resume legislative efforts after the bill’s progress slowed in the Lords. Supporters of the legislation argue that parliament has not completed the democratic process after MPs previously voted in favour of moving the proposal forward.

Rankin said participants in the campaign came from very different backgrounds but shared frustration over the bill’s delay.“They have all got one thing in common: they don’t understand why this bill hasn’t been passed,” he said. “They don’t understand why it’s been stopped.”He added that he believed the proposed law would have allowed people facing terminal illness to make decisions “in a responsible and dignified way.”

The issue of assisted dying remains one of the most divisive ethical debates in British politics. Supporters argue that terminally ill people should have the right to choose the timing and manner of their deaths under strict safeguards, while opponents warn of potential risks involving coercion, vulnerable patients and pressure on medical systems.

Dignity in Dying said polling conducted by Opinium showed continued public support for parliament completing debate on the legislation.

According to the organisation, 69% of respondents said parliament should continue considering the bill until a final decision is reached, while 61% said the government should ensure sufficient parliamentary time for MPs and peers to complete the legislative process.

Barbara Shooter, 69, who appears in the campaign films, said she supported assisted dying after accompanying her late husband Adrian Shooter to Dignitas in 2022. Adrian Shooter, the former chair of Chiltern Railways, had motor neurone disease, which progressively affected his mobility, speech, swallowing and breathing.“It was getting control back,” she said.

“Once he knew he had a day, it was very powerful. He cheered up no end. And he had a calm, peaceful death.”In what she described as a cruel development, Shooter herself was later diagnosed with motor neurone disease.

She said her condition is currently progressing slowly and that she continues to maintain a good quality of life.“I do have my own lines in the sand, but I’m nowhere near those,” she said.

Shooter criticised peers who opposed the legislation and warned that delays risked pushing the issue out of public attention.“Who wants to face horror and pain and awfulness at the end of their life when you know you’re not going to get better?” she said.

“Some might be perfectly content to let nature take its course. It’s their choice. And I want my choice.”Another participant in the campaign, London charity worker Maddie Cowey, 28, was diagnosed at 18 with alveolar soft part sarcoma, a rare and incurable cancer.

She now has more than 30 sarcoma nodules across both lungs and remains dependent on treatment to manage the disease.“Without treatment I would die, basically, and it’s not going to be cured,” Cowey said.She said the unpredictable progression of the illness created ongoing uncertainty about the future.

“It could become aggressive at any time and become uncontrollable and it could happen really quickly,” she said. “Or I could have decades more if they manage to keep it at bay.”Cowey said she had come to terms with the possibility of dying younger than most people but remained fearful about suffering during the final stages of illness.

“Not having an alternative option is really scary,” she said. “Having the alternative of being able to choose how and when it happens would give me a lot of peace and hope.”She said the delay to the legislation had replaced earlier optimism with anxiety.

“I try not to dwell on it day to day because I just want to live my life, but if I let myself think about it, it’s terrifying,” she said. “It feels really unfair and unjust.”Sarah Wootton, chief executive of Dignity in Dying, said the organisation believed terminally ill people continued to face limited and distressing options under current laws.

“Every week, dying people are left with the same cruel options: suffer, travel abroad to die, or act alone,” Wootton said.She accused opponents in the House of Lords of obstructing legislation that had already secured backing in the Commons.

“This is bigger than assisted dying,” she said. “Parliament has unfinished business, and it’s time for MPs to return the bill to Westminster and finish what they started.”

The Metropolitan Police said around 4,000 officers, supported by mounted units, drones, helicopters and police dogs, would be deployed to manage the demonstrations alongside security demands posed by the FA Cup final.

Authorities imposed strict conditions on the timing and routes of both marches in an effort to prevent clashes between rival groups. Police estimated the operation would cost approximately £4.5 million ($6 million) and warned they would adopt what they described as a “zero-tolerance approach” to disorder and hate speech violations.

For the first time, organizers of the demonstrations could face legal accountability if invited speakers breach Britain’s hate speech laws, the force said.Prime Minister Keir Starmer said on Friday that anyone attempting to “wreak havoc” or intimidate communities would face “the full force of the law.”

Speaking after visiting the Metropolitan Police operational control center, Starmer accused organizers of the far-right rally of “peddling hatred and division.”Starmer’s comments came days after his ruling Labour Party suffered setbacks in local elections, where hard-right Reform UK and nationalist parties made gains, intensifying pressure on his leadership.

Robinson, whose real name is Stephen Yaxley-Lennon, has become one of Britain’s most prominent anti-Islam activists, drawing large crowds through online campaigns focused on immigration, free speech and national identity issues.

Police estimate roughly 50,000 supporters could attend Robinson’s rally, while about 30,000 people are expected at the rival march organized by anti-racism campaigners and pro-Palestinian groups marking Nakba Day, which commemorates the displacement of Palestinians during the creation of Israel in 1948.

The anti-fascist group Stand Up to Racism merged its demonstration with the Nakba Day protest.Robinson urged supporters on social media to remain peaceful, avoid masks and limit alcohol consumption, while describing the gathering as a campaign to “Unite The Kingdom and the West.

”The Metropolitan Police said live facial recognition technology would be used for the first time during a protest operation in London. Officials also confirmed that 11 foreign far-right activists had been barred from entering Britain ahead of the rally.

Among those blocked was Valentina Gomez, whom the government described as using inflammatory rhetoric targeting Muslim communities.

Matthew Feldman, a specialist in far-right extremism at Liverpool Hope University, said some violent elements were likely to attend despite appeals for calm.

Muslim and Jewish community organisations in Britain say recent violence targeting Jewish residents in north London has reinforced the importance of long-term interfaith work, even as rising fear and tensions linked to the conflict in the Middle East make that work more difficult.

The latest concerns followed the alleged attempted murder of two Jewish men in Golders Green, an area of north London with a large Jewish population. Community leaders said the incident has deepened anxiety within British Jewish communities already facing heightened tensions since the October 7, 2023 attack on Israel and the subsequent war in Gaza.

Laura Marks, co-founder of Nisa-Nashim, a Jewish-Muslim women’s network established eight years ago, said repeated incidents of violence have left many community organisers emotionally exhausted.“I feel punch drunk,” Marks said. “Every day it feels like there is something else. It’s relentless.”

Nisa-Nashim was created to bring Jewish and Muslim women together through social gatherings, dialogue and community events aimed at reducing distrust and stereotypes between the two faith communities. The organisation’s founders said the goal was to strengthen local relationships that could withstand political tensions generated by international conflict.

Marks said incidents such as the Golders Green attack can feel discouraging for groups that have spent years working to improve community cohesion.“I do sometimes despair,” she said. “But if I don’t believe I can make things a bit better, then what am I doing?”She said the purpose of such organisations is not to address violent extremism directly, but to counter the wider social consequences of conflict, including fear, suspicion and growing separation between ordinary people.

“A lot of this work is not designed to address extreme radicalisation,” she said. “The aim is to help ordinary Jews and Muslims acknowledge their similarities as well as their differences, whether culture, history, scripture or food.”According to Marks, the conflict that followed the October 2023 Hamas attack on Israel made this work significantly harder.

As the humanitarian crisis in Gaza intensified and public debate in Britain became more polarised, support for interfaith initiatives weakened.She said some volunteers withdrew after experiencing online abuse or extremist threats, while others felt demoralised or faced pressure from family members who questioned participation in cross-community projects.

At present, she said, the immediate focus for many Jewish communities is physical security.“Right now, all people can hear is walls, police, security,” Marks said. “I understand that. It’s like a hierarchy of needs: if we are not safe, we can’t do anything else.”But she warned that permanent separation cannot be the long-term answer.“Long term, we can’t live behind walls,” she said.

“We have to build relationships.”Mohammed Amin, co-chair of the Muslim Jewish Forum of Greater Manchester, said he felt “horror and dismay” when he learned of the Golders Green attack. The forum, established more than two decades ago, brings Muslim and Jewish communities together through shared social events and dialogue.Amin said its work has produced practical improvements in local community relations by encouraging understanding and trust.

“People get to know each other,” he said. “We have seen real friendships emerge.”The group regularly organises visits, meals and cultural exchanges. Amin pointed to an upcoming visit to a kosher-halal fish and chip restaurant in Leeds, staffed by both Muslims and Jews, as an example of how ordinary social interaction can reduce suspicion and build familiarity.“You can’t change the course of international politics,” he said.

“But these things help change the atmosphere and defuse tension.”Amin, a businessman and former Conservative Party member who is now affiliated with the Liberal Democrats, said responsibility for improving cohesion cannot rest entirely with charities and volunteers. He argued political leadership is essential in shaping public attitudes.“Some politicians in our society trade on sowing division and resentment,” he said.

He cited comments made by Reform UK leader Nigel Farage following the Southport riots in 2024 as an example of rhetoric that can inflame tensions rather than reduce them.“If politicians are going to pour petrol on the flames, do not be surprised by the outcome,” Amin said.

Community organisations say funding for interfaith programmes remains limited despite growing concern over social division. Marks said government investment in cohesion work is often overlooked compared with visible security responses, despite its importance in preventing long-term fragmentation.“At the core of what we do is mixing people, bringing people together,” she said.

“This is social cohesion at the coalface.”She argued that while police protection and community security measures are necessary, they should not replace investment in trust-building between communities.Amin said tensions between Jewish and Muslim communities in Britain often rise and fall depending on developments in the Middle East, but local relationships can help reduce the impact of those external pressures.

For him, interfaith work is less about solving geopolitical conflict and more about preserving the everyday social fabric of British cities.“If you increase connectivity, you decrease hostility,” he said. “The key is to recognise we are all ordinary human beings.”

Speaking before greeting Charles and Queen Camilla at a 9/11 memorial event in New York, Mamdani said he would urge the king to return the historic gemstone, which was taken from the Indian subcontinent during British colonial rule in the 19th century.

“If I was to speak to the king, separately from that, I would probably encourage him to return the Koh-i-Noor diamond,” Mamdani said, while adding that the focus of the event remained honoring those killed in the Sept. 11 attacks.It was not immediately clear whether Mamdani raised the issue directly during his brief exchange with Charles, who was seen speaking and laughing with the mayor after the two shook hands at the memorial ceremony.

The Koh-i-Noor, a 106-carat diamond housed in the Tower of London, is among the most prominent jewels in Britain’s Crown Jewels and is mounted in the crown made for Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother.The gem’s ownership has been disputed for generations.

It passed through the hands of Mughal emperors, Persian rulers and Sikh maharajas before it was ceded to Queen Victoria in 1849 under the Treaty of Lahore following the annexation of Punjab by the British Empire.India has repeatedly sought the return of the diamond, arguing it was taken under colonial rule, though British governments have consistently rejected those requests.

Other countries, including Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran, have also laid claim to the stone, citing historical ownership ties dating back centuries.The comments quickly drew criticism from Britain’s anti-immigration Reform UK party, whose home affairs spokesman Zia Yusuf described Mamdani’s remarks as an insult to the monarch.

“This beautiful diamond is currently on display in the Tower of London,” Yusuf wrote on X. “That is where it will stay.”Debates over colonial-era artifacts have intensified globally in recent years, with former imperial powers facing growing pressure to return culturally significant objects to their countries of origin.

Charles’ visit to New York included a memorial tribute to victims of the 2001 attacks and meetings with local leaders, amid broader efforts to strengthen diplomatic and symbolic ties between Britain and the United States.

Under the agreement, France will significantly expand its coastal security presence, increasing the number of officers tackling irregular migration by more than 50% to reach 1,400 by 2029. The funding from United Kingdom will be partly conditional, with nearly a quarter tied to performance benchmarks assessing the effectiveness of French actions.

The deal follows months of negotiations between United Kingdom and France over renewing the Sandhurst Treaty, which governs British financial contributions toward efforts to prevent migrants from departing French shores.

British authorities have long argued that France needed to do more to stop departures, as crossings by small boats have become a politically sensitive issue in the UK. London had insisted on tighter oversight and conditions on how funds are deployed before agreeing to renew the framework, first signed in 2018 and extended in 2023.

According to the roadmap, funding allocations could be redirected if joint annual assessments determine that the measures fail to deliver sufficient results. French authorities also plan to deploy additional surveillance tools, including drones, helicopters and digital monitoring systems, to reduce departures, particularly those involving so-called “taxi boats.”

Under international maritime law, authorities are limited in their ability to intervene once vessels have left shore, focusing primarily on rescue operations to prevent loss of life.

Official British data shows that 41,472 people reached the UK via irregular small-boat crossings in 2025, the second-highest annual figure since such journeys were first recorded in 2018.

At least 29 migrants died attempting the crossing that year, according to figures compiled from French and British sources.

“We’re not going to get dragged into this war. It is not our war,” Starmer told parliament, adding that participation would not serve Britain’s national interest.Trump, speaking in a phone interview with Sky News, said he could alter an agreement limiting the impact of U.S. tariffs on Britain, signaling potential economic consequences for London’s stance.

He also criticized the UK’s level of support during U.S. military operations.Tensions have risen between the allies after Britain declined to allow its bases to be used for initial U.S. strikes on Iran last month.

London later approved a request for the use of two bases for what officials described as a “specific and limited defensive purpose.”Starmer emphasized the resilience of the bilateral relationship, referencing the planned state visit of King Charles III to the United States and stating that ties between the two countries extend beyond individual leaders.

Trump said disagreements would not affect the royal visit but reiterated criticism of Britain’s position. “When we needed them, they were not there,” he said.The dispute reflects a broader hardening in tone from Starmer’s government toward Washington.

Finance Minister Rachel Reeves criticized the U.S. decision to launch military action against Iran as lacking a clear exit strategy, while Health Minister Wes Streeting described Trump’s rhetoric as “incendiary” and “provocative.”

Reeves was scheduled to meet U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent in Washington on Wednesday on the sidelines of International Monetary Fund meetings to discuss the economic implications of the conflict.

The Metropolitan Police said no injuries were reported in the early-morning attack in Golders Green, but the blaze destroyed the vehicles, triggered explosions from onboard oxygen cylinders and damaged nearby homes, prompting evacuations.

Metropolitan Police Commissioner Mark Rowley said detectives were pursuing multiple lines of inquiry, including an online claim of responsibility by a group identifying itself as Harakat Ashab Al-Yamin Al-Islamia, which has previously claimed attacks in Europe.

“We are pursuing all lines of inquiry, including an online claim of responsibility by an Islamist group who have claimed other attacks across Europe and have potential Iranian state links,” Rowley said, adding that it was too early to attribute the incident directly to any state actor.

Police said three suspects seen in security footage carrying a canister near the ambulances are being sought, though no arrests have been made.

Prime Minister Keir Starmer described the incident as “horrific” and met Jewish community representatives at Downing Street to discuss the response.“Antisemitism has no place in our society and it’s really important that we all stand together at a moment like this,” Starmer said.

Religious leaders also condemned the attack, with Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis calling it a “sickening assault,” while Anglican leader Sarah Mullally said such violence had no place in society.

The ambulances belonged to Hatzola Northwest, a volunteer emergency response organization serving the local Jewish community. The London Fire Brigade said explosions from oxygen cylinders shattered windows in nearby buildings.

The attack has heightened concerns within Britain’s Jewish population, estimated at around 300,000, amid a broader rise in antisemitic incidents. The Community Security Trust has reported a sharp increase in such cases in recent years following the October 2023 Hamas attack on Israel and the subsequent conflict in Gaza.

Police said additional security would be deployed around Jewish schools, synagogues and community centers ahead of the Passover holiday next month.