The nonpartisan budget office said in a report released Tuesday that the projection reflected “one illustrative approach rather than an estimate of a specific Administration proposal,” citing limited details from the Pentagon regarding the scale and design of the system.

Trump ordered development of the futuristic missile shield during his first week back in office through an executive order calling for a comprehensive defense network capable of countering advanced missile threats from rival powers.

“Over the past 40 years, rather than lessening, the threat from next-generation strategic weapons has become more intense and complex,” Trump said in the order, referring to evolving missile technologies developed by U.S. adversaries.

The proposed system is envisioned as a multilayered defense architecture combining ground-based and space-based technologies designed to detect, track and intercept missiles during multiple phases of flight.
The initiative draws comparisons to Iron Dome, Israel’s missile defense network that has played a central role in intercepting rockets and missiles during regional conflicts. However, analysts note the U.S. project would operate on a vastly larger geographic and technological scale.

According to the CBO report, uncertainty surrounding the number and type of systems to be deployed makes precise long-term cost forecasting difficult. Last year, the agency estimated that space-based elements alone could require up to $542 billion over 20 years.

Congress has already approved approximately $24 billion for the initiative through a broader Republican-backed tax and spending package enacted last summer.

Gen. Michael A. Guetlein, the U.S. Space Force officer overseeing the Golden Dome project, defended the program’s financial outlook during congressional testimony last month, arguing that outside estimates relied too heavily on legacy defense procurement models.

“That is not what Golden Dome is doing,” Guetlein told lawmakers. “We are laser focused on affordability.”
Democratic Senator Jeff Merkley, who requested the CBO assessment, criticized the scale of the projected expenditure, describing the missile shield initiative as a costly expansion of defense contracting.

The report is likely to intensify debate in Congress over military spending priorities as the administration pushes forward with one of the most ambitious missile defense proposals since the Cold War-era Strategic Defense Initiative.

The launches took place on Sunday from the destroyer Choe Hyon, according to the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), which said the tests were part of efforts to strengthen operational readiness and strategic deterrence.

KCNA reported that two strategic cruise missiles remained airborne for approximately 7,900 seconds, while anti-warship missiles flew for nearly 2,000 seconds. The projectiles followed designated flight paths over the West Sea of Korea, commonly known as the Yellow Sea, and struck their targets with what the agency described as high precision.

The missile tests were conducted from one of North Korea’s two 5,000-ton destroyers, both introduced last year as part of a broader push to enhance naval power. Images released by KCNA showed missiles launching from the vessel and Kim observing the drills alongside military officials.

State media also said Kim received briefings on weapons systems planned for two additional destroyers currently under construction. KCNA reported that he made an “important conclusion” following the review, without providing further detail.Kim expressed satisfaction with the tests, stating that they had strengthened the preparedness of the country’s strategic forces.

He reiterated that reinforcing nuclear deterrence remains the government’s top priority, according to the report.The latest launches add to a series of recent weapons tests by Pyongyang, underscoring continued advancements in both missile technology and maritime strike capabilities.