Four contenders are competing for the post, with the successful candidate set to assume office at the start of next year and confront mounting challenges facing the United Nations, whose global standing has come under increasing scrutiny.

During two days of hearings, candidates emphasized the need to modernize the 80-year-old body, established after World War Two, as geopolitical tensions and actions by major powers strain the norms underpinning the post-war international order.

Rebeca Grynspan, former vice president of Costa Rica and current head of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, said restoring trust in the institution would be critical, identifying peacemaking as her top priority.

“To defend the United Nations today is to have the courage to change it,” Grynspan said, warning that confidence in the organization was eroding and time to reverse the trend was limited.

Macky Sall, who served as Senegal’s president until 2024, advocated what he described as “rigorous management” reforms aimed at improving coordination across UN agencies and reducing duplication, as pressure mounts to cut costs and demonstrate effectiveness.

“Now is the time to do better with less,” Sall said, outlining his vision for a more efficient and forward-looking institution.The candidates are vying for a five-year term, renewable once, in a process that has drawn fewer applicants compared to 2016, when Guterres was selected from a field of 13 contenders.

Grynspan and Michelle Bachelet are seeking to become the first woman to lead the United Nations, reflecting a broader push for gender representation at the highest levels of global governance.

Bachelet reiterated her support for women’s rights during her hearing, amid opposition from some conservative U.S. lawmakers over her stance on abortion.Also in the race is Rafael Grossi, a career diplomat from Argentina who currently heads the International Atomic Energy Agency.

Grossi said reform efforts were progressing but remained incomplete.While there is no formal requirement, longstanding precedent discourages candidates from the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States to avoid concentration of power, although their support remains decisive in the selection process.

World leaders at this year’s General Assembly highlighted the need for ambitious selection criteria, transparency, and a process that reflects both geographical diversity and gender balance. The move represents not only a symbolic step toward inclusivity but also a tangible enhancement of decision-making processes within the United Nations. Female leadership at this level is widely seen as a catalyst for broader representation, stronger accountability, and more equitable governance across international institutions.

Regional balance is expected to play a key role in the selection process. Traditionally, the secretary-generalship rotates among global regions, and while Guterres’ term marked a period for Eastern Europe, Latin America is widely anticipated to produce the next candidate. Several countries in the region are promoting candidates who bring extensive experience in peace, climate justice, human rights, and sustainable development, demonstrating the growing capability and global reach of female leadership.

Former Chilean President Michelle Bachelet, recognized internationally for her work in human rights and development, has emerged as a strong contender, garnering broad support from regional leaders. Her potential appointment reflects a commitment to bridging divides between regions, promoting dialogue between nations, and reinforcing the U.N.’s mission to foster global cooperation.

The selection process, conducted by the 15-member Security Council and confirmed by the General Assembly, has evolved in recent years to enhance transparency and inclusivity. Candidate nominations are now circulated to all member states, ensuring a more participatory process that prioritizes competence, experience, and global representation. Experts emphasize that this historic appointment will strengthen the U.N.’s credibility, signal a renewed commitment to gender equality, and inspire young leaders worldwide.

As the U.N. prepares to elect its next secretary-general in 2026, the global community is watching closely. The potential for a woman to lead the organization marks a pivotal moment in international governance, setting a precedent for future generations and reaffirming the U.N.’s role as a forward-looking institution that embraces diversity, leadership, and sustainable global progress.