The discussions, held days after a Pakistan-brokered ceasefire, marked the first direct engagement between senior U.S. and Iranian officials since Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution. Delegations led by U.S. Vice President JD Vance and Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf met over more than 20 hours at Islamabad’s Serena Hotel, with Pakistani mediators shuttling between the sides.

Despite moments when negotiators appeared close to a framework agreement, talks ultimately stalled over key issues including Iran’s nuclear program, control of the Strait of Hormuz, and access to frozen assets, according to 11 sources familiar with the discussions.

A U.S. official said Washington’s core objective remained ensuring Iran does not obtain a nuclear weapon, while Iranian officials emphasized sovereignty concerns, sanctions relief, and broader security guarantees.

Iran has consistently denied seeking nuclear weapons but maintains its right to uranium enrichment.Sources described a tense and shifting atmosphere, with periods of optimism giving way to deadlock. At one stage, the sides were “80 percent” toward an understanding before unresolved political decisions derailed progress, one source said.

Pakistan played a central mediating role, with Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif confirming that efforts to bridge differences are ongoing. Officials said communication between Tehran and Washington continues through intermediaries, even after the formal talks ended.

U.S. President Donald Trump said on Monday that Iran had reached out seeking a deal, though this could not be independently verified. A White House spokesperson reiterated that Washington’s position remains unchanged, particularly its demand that Iran abandon any pathway to nuclear weapons.

Iranian officials signaled deep mistrust, citing past negotiations and subsequent military actions, while also indicating willingness to continue discussions under defined conditions.The Strait of Hormuz remains a central point of contention, with Iran asserting control over the waterway and the United States insisting on restoring unrestricted navigation.

The dispute has had significant implications for global energy markets, contributing to volatility and supply concerns.Mediators, including Pakistani officials and regional diplomats, have continued backchannel communications in an effort to revive talks.

Both sides face mounting pressure to de-escalate, with economic costs rising and broader geopolitical risks intensifying.

The negotiation are aimed at ending a six-week conflict between the United States and Iran that has killed thousands across the Middle East and disrupted global energy supplies, contributing to rising inflation and slower economic growth.

The arrival of the U.S. delegation marks a key step in diplomatic efforts to de-escalate the conflict, with Washington and Tehran expected to begin negotiations shortly in the Pakistani capital.

Pakistan has implemented heightened security measures in Islamabad as it hosts the talks, which are seen as a critical opportunity to stabilize the region and address broader economic fallout linked to the war.

In an interview published Monday, Trump said the United States was in talks with Qalibaf, a former Revolutionary Guard commander. Qalibaf denied the assertion in a statement, saying Washington was “promoting desires as news while threatening our nation at the same time.

Iran’s Foreign Ministry also dismissed the claim. Spokesperson Esmail Baghaei said no negotiations had taken place, though he confirmed that intermediaries had conveyed proposals to Tehran.

Baghaei said Iran would not overlook what he described as past breaches of diplomacy, referring to indirect talks in 2025 and early 2026 that were followed by military action involving the United States and Israel.

War pressure shapes diplomacy claimsThe exchange comes as Trump has increased pressure on Tehran to reach an agreement to end the ongoing conflict, now in its fifth week following joint U.S.-Israeli strikes launched in late February.

Trump warned that failure to reach a deal “shortly” could result in widespread destruction of Iran’s energy infrastructure and critical facilities, including desalination plants.

Qalibaf’s role under scrutinyQalibaf, long viewed as a pragmatic conservative within Iran’s political system, has previously been mentioned as a potential interlocutor for Western governments.

However, questions remain about his authority within Iran’s complex power structure following the death of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei in a February airstrike.His successor, Mojtaba Khamenei, is believed to maintain ties with Qalibaf, though competing centers of power within Iran’s leadership continue to shape decision-making.

Analysts say references to Qalibaf as a negotiating channel may reflect both external pressure tactics and internal political maneuvering, as Tehran navigates wartime conditions and diplomatic isolation.

Two senior diplomats said India indicated late on Friday it could accept a two-year extension of the moratorium, which covers digital downloads and streaming services and is set to expire this month.

The move follows earlier remarks by Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal calling for a “careful reconsideration” of the long-standing arrangement.

Despite the apparent flexibility, gaps between New Delhi and Washington remain significant. The United States has pushed for a permanent extension, with U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer stating Washington is not interested in a temporary renewal.

Diplomatic sources said negotiations were ongoing, with some members exploring a compromise that would extend the moratorium beyond the next ministerial conference, potentially for five to ten years. It remains unclear whether either side would accept such a proposal.

Business groups have warned that failure to extend the moratorium could introduce uncertainty into cross-border digital trade, raising the possibility of new duties on electronic transmissions.For nearly three decades, WTO members have routinely renewed the measure at successive ministerial meetings.

The current debate comes amid wider strains on the global trading system following tariff disputes and disruptions linked to geopolitical tensions affecting shipping, energy prices and supply chains.

The outcome of talks in Yaounde is being closely watched as a gauge of the WTO’s ability to deliver consensus at a time of deep divisions among major economies.

Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide said extending the moratorium for a meaningful period would be significant for some countries and demonstrate that ministers can reach concrete outcomes.

The announcement follows internal consultations within Ukraine, after the country’s negotiating team submitted an updated report outlining preparations and expectations for the upcoming meetings. Zelenskiy stated that Ukraine is fully prepared to engage constructively and approach the talks with seriousness and clarity.

According to Ukrainian leadership, the Abu Dhabi meetings are intended to focus on substantive issues rather than symbolic gestures. Kyiv has emphasized that it is seeking outcomes that are practical, dignified, and capable of laying the groundwork for long-term stability in the region.

The choice of Abu Dhabi as the venue reflects the growing role of neutral locations in facilitating international diplomacy. The United Arab Emirates has increasingly been viewed as a platform for dialogue, offering a setting that supports engagement among parties with differing positions.

Ukrainian officials have reiterated that diplomacy remains a key pillar of their strategy alongside other national priorities. They have highlighted the importance of sustained international engagement and dialogue in addressing complex geopolitical challenges.

Zelenskiy’s statement underlined Ukraine’s readiness to take part in meaningful discussions that could move the process closer to a resolution. He noted that the objective is not only to talk, but to ensure that conversations lead to tangible progress and realistic outcomes.

The trilateral format is seen by observers as an effort to maintain structured communication channels. Such talks allow for mediation, clarification of positions, and the possibility of confidence-building measures that can support broader peace efforts.

Ukraine’s participation in these discussions signals its continued commitment to diplomatic engagement. Officials have stressed that dialogue remains essential for reducing tensions and for working toward solutions that respect international norms and the interests of all affected parties.

While expectations remain cautious, the confirmation of dates has been viewed as a positive development by diplomatic circles. Preparations are underway to ensure that the meetings are organized efficiently and supported by appropriate diplomatic mechanisms.

International attention is now turning to Abu Dhabi, where representatives are expected to convene for two days of discussions. The outcome of these talks will be closely watched, as they may influence the direction of future diplomatic efforts.

Ukrainian leadership has indicated that updates will be shared following the meetings, in keeping with transparency and accountability. The emphasis, officials say, is on steady progress through dialogue rather than abrupt or unilateral moves.

As February approaches, the focus remains on constructive engagement and the pursuit of solutions that can contribute to peace, stability, and a durable end to the conflict through diplomatic means.