As Muslims marked Eid Al-Adha, Basharat stood on the Pakistani-administered side of the Neelum River, looking toward the burial site of his elder brother, Raja Liaqat, in the Indian-administered village of Keran. The river forms part of the heavily militarized Line of Control (LoC), the de facto frontier dividing the disputed Himalayan region.

Liaqat died in April, and although his grave is only a short distance away, Basharat said security restrictions and political tensions made it impossible for him to visit.

“Eid is a festival of joy and celebration, but for us it has become a symbol of grief, sorrow and helplessness,” Basharat said.

The story reflects a broader reality for thousands of Kashmiri families separated by one of the world’s most sensitive military boundaries. Since the partition of British India in 1947, India and Pakistan have both claimed Kashmir in full while administering separate portions of the territory.

The 740-kilometer Line of Control cuts through mountains, forests and villages, dividing communities and relatives who often live within sight of one another but are unable to meet.

For decades, residents on both sides of the frontier maintained limited personal connections by gathering along riverbanks and hillsides to exchange greetings and catch glimpses of loved ones. Residents say such informal interactions have become increasingly rare as security measures have tightened.

“This river is visible to everyone today, but in reality it has not only divided two countries — it has torn families apart as well,” said Laiba Raja, a niece of Raja Liaqat.

“On Eid, people visit their loved ones and celebrate with family, but where are we supposed to go?” she added.

The emotional burden of separation has intensified amid deteriorating relations between India and Pakistan. Tensions worsened sharply last year following an attack in Indian-administered Kashmir that killed 26 people, most of them Hindu tourists, triggering the most serious confrontation between the nuclear-armed neighbors in years.

The fallout has further reduced opportunities for cross-border contact, according to residents and refugee representatives.

Uzair Ahmed, who heads a Kashmiri refugee organization in Pakistan-administered Kashmir, said approximately 48,000 refugees currently live in camps and urban areas across Pakistan after leaving their homes over the decades of conflict.

Many continue to hope that political conditions will eventually allow families to reunite, he said.

As dusk settles over Keran, residents can still see homes and fields across the river, a reminder of relatives living just beyond the frontier. Children play near the water while military positions overlook the valley from both sides.

“Our elders passed away waiting for that day,” Ahmed said, referring to the prospect of families embracing again, attending weddings together or paying final respects to loved ones.

“Now a new generation is growing up with the same hope.”

From the southern island of Mindanao to the Sulu archipelago and Zamboanga peninsula, Filipino Muslim communities observed the holiday with dawn prayers followed by the ritual sacrifice of goats and cattle, distributing meat among relatives, neighbors and poorer households in keeping with Islamic tradition.

For many families, the celebrations also served as a reaffirmation of ethnic and cultural heritage among the country’s Muslim minority population, which comprises about 6% of the Philippines’ more than 110 million people.“We celebrate it as a feast where everyone is welcome.

Anyone who wants to visit the house and eat is invited,” Tahir Malikol, a chef and educator from Cotabato City known for promoting Bangsamoro culinary traditions, told Arab News.Malikol said the Eid gatherings reflected the Filipino value of “bayanihan,” or communal unity and cooperation, with families and neighbors contributing ingredients, labor and food preparation for large shared meals.

Traditional dishes associated with Muslim communities in the south took center stage during the celebrations. Among Maguindanaon and Iranun households, families prepared sinina, a slow-cooked coconut-based beef or goat stew known for its smoky flavor.Maranao families served riyandang, a regional variation of rendang stew influenced by broader Southeast Asian Muslim culinary traditions.

Unlike Indonesian or Malaysian rendang, the Maranao version relies less on spices and more on ingredients such as toasted coconut, ground rice and sakurab, an aromatic plant native to parts of Mindanao.In Tausug, Sama-Bajau and Yakan communities, celebratory tables featured kulma, a rich curry dish, and tiyula itum, a dark meat soup made using charred coconut meat that gives the broth its black color.

“These dishes are traditionally served only during special celebrations,” Malikol said, noting that some recipes were historically associated with royalty, datus and sultans in Muslim Mindanao.Another ceremonial dish, linigil, is prepared by simmering meat slowly in coconut milk until the sauce thickens and coats the meat.

One variation using chicken requires the bird to be boiled and then hung upside down for a full day to drain moisture before final cooking, a technique still preserved in some households.Desserts also played a central role in the Eid celebrations. Families prepared dudol, a sticky confection made from rice flour and coconut milk that requires continuous stirring for up to eight hours, often by several family members working in shifts.

Beyond the food, many Filipino Muslims described Eid as an occasion closely tied to memory, kinship and continuity across generations.Aliyya Samir, who is from Sulu, said the serving of tiyula itum during Eid reminded her of her late mother, who traditionally prepared the dish for family gatherings.“Eating it now brings back so many memories of her warmth and the way she looked after everyone,” she said.

For Maher Usman from Zamboanga del Sur, the holiday represented both spiritual devotion and cultural preservation.“With every bite of kyuning or sinina, we are reminded of our ancestors and our identity as Maguindanaons,” he said. “Sharing meals together is our way of thanking Allah.”

Pakistani officials said the attack occurred on Sunday when a bomber drove an explosives-laden vehicle into a shuttle train carrying security personnel and their families, derailing several coaches and triggering extensive destruction in nearby civilian areas.

The separatist Baloch Liberation Army claimed responsibility for the bombing, the latest in a string of militant attacks in Balochistan, a strategically significant province bordering Iran and Afghanistan that hosts key Chinese-backed infrastructure projects including Gwadar port.

As rescue teams and residents continued clearing debris ahead of the Eid holiday, many families said celebrations had given way to grief and financial hardship.

“I appeal to the government to help me. My entire house, from top to bottom, has been destroyed,” said Hishrat, a resident whose home was severely damaged in the blast. She said the family had spent years saving money to build the property.

The explosion damaged homes, overturned vehicles and shattered nearby buildings, according to local authorities and images broadcast from the site. Officials said the train’s engine and several coaches were derailed in the attack.

Markets in Quetta remained active with Eid shoppers and livestock traders, but residents in the affected neighborhoods said the destruction had made holiday preparations impossible.

“People are roaming in the markets for Eid shopping and for purchasing animals for sacrifice, but for us, you see our condition,” said Muhammad Haseeb, a private-sector employee whose house was damaged in the blast.

“We are busy cleaning up our destroyed house. The explosion destroyed our entire neighborhood including our house. There has been a great deal of financial and human loss,” he added.

Another resident, Farooq, said the attack had erased any sense of festivity for many affected families.
“Eid is for those whose houses are intact and who can go shopping,” he said. “We also had to do shopping for Eid, but now that is impossible, because our house is destroyed.”

Balochistan has witnessed a decades-long separatist insurgency led by militant groups accusing the federal government of exploiting the province’s natural resources without adequately sharing economic benefits with the local population. Pakistani authorities reject the allegations and say security operations are aimed at restoring stability and protecting development projects.

The Baloch Liberation Army has intensified attacks in recent years against security forces, rail infrastructure and Chinese-linked investments in the province. In March last year, militants hijacked the Jaffar Express passenger train and held hundreds of passengers hostage before security forces ended the siege.

The latest bombing underscores the persistent security challenges facing Pakistan as authorities attempt to contain militant violence while safeguarding major regional connectivity and energy projects tied to China’s Belt and Road Initiative.

Across the enclave, markets that would normally bustle with Eid shoppers were subdued as residents grappled with soaring inflation, damaged infrastructure and a deepening humanitarian crisis following months of war between Israel and Hamas.

“I go to the market only to look around because I cannot afford to buy anything,” Nadia Abu Shamala, a displaced resident originally from northern Gaza, told AFP from Deir Al-Balah in central Gaza.

“This year, Eid comes with none of the joy we once knew in Gaza because of the effects of the war, the soaring prices, and our inability to provide even the simplest needs for our children,” she said.

Although a US-brokered ceasefire began in October 2025, Israeli air strikes continue intermittently across Gaza. The United Nations estimates that roughly 80% of buildings in the territory sustained damage during the conflict, while the majority of Gaza’s 2.1 million residents remain dependent on humanitarian aid for food and essential supplies.

Aid organizations operating in the enclave say restrictions on the volume of goods entering Gaza through Israeli-controlled crossings have contributed to shortages and sharply inflated prices for food, fuel and livestock.

The economic strain has transformed Eid preparations for many households. The ritual sacrifice of sheep or goats, central to Eid Al-Adha commemorations, has become unattainable for most families due to collapsing livestock supplies and wartime inflation.

“The truce is a big lie, but in any case, we are trying to create joy for the children,” said Abu Abdullah Al-Mosadar, a resident of central Gaza who said he pooled about 13,000 shekels ($4,570) with relatives to purchase a sacrificial sheep.

According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, only about 15,000 sheep remain in Gaza, roughly a quarter of the territory’s pre-war livestock population.

Raafat Asaliya, spokesperson for Gaza’s agriculture ministry, said prices for sacrificial animals had reached unprecedented levels due to shortages, rising feed costs and the destruction of farms.

“A sheep or goat that was sold before the war for around 1,000 shekels is now priced between 11,000 and 15,000 shekels,” Asaliya said.

Residents said even basic meat purchases had become unaffordable.

“Families like ours, who used to make sacrifices every year, are now unable even to buy one kilogram of meat for our children,” said Ahmed Abu Salem, a Gaza City resident.

The hardship has also disrupted longstanding culinary traditions associated with Eid. Families that once baked kaak and maamoul pastries at home now struggle to secure cooking gas and ingredients.

In Khan Younis, some displaced families improvised under makeshift shelters, preparing Eid biscuits in clay ovens beside tents fashioned from reused aid tarpaulins.

“We are still living in tents with no atmosphere of joy, only worries, fear, and exhaustion,” Abu Shamala said. “Without any of the happiness we once knew.”

The message, posted on their official X (formerly Twitter) account, read: “We wish our fellow citizens and neighbors celebrating the Eid al-Adha that their prayers and acts of sharing be accepted and make the world a better place for us all. The Alliance of Rabbis in Islamic States”.

The tweet concluded with #EidMubarak and the organization’s signature in both English and Arabic.

ARIS, which represents Jewish communities across Muslim-majority countries, has gained recognition for promoting peaceful coexistence, religious freedom, and mutual respect. The alliance’s mission, as outlined on its official website, includes supporting Jewish life within Islamic states, enabling religious practice, and building interfaith bridges—especially through dialogue inspired by the Abraham Accords.

Operating across Asia, Africa, and Europe, ARIS aims to empower local Jewish communities through kosher food accessibility, Jewish education, and spiritual leadership. The alliance has also launched initiatives to engage with local governments, support Jewish visitors in Muslim countries, and facilitate interfaith discussions with Islamic clerics and scholars.

Part of its long-term vision includes an annual summit hosted in a Muslim country, featuring interreligious dialogue, training, and strategic networking. The group also actively promotes its work through multilingual online content in Arabic, Hebrew, Farsi, and English, positioning itself as a leading voice for Jewish affairs within Muslim societies.

This latest gesture during one of Islam’s holiest festivals reinforces ARIS’s dedication to fostering trust and shared values between Jewish and Muslim communities—a rare yet vital alliance in an increasingly polarized world.