Tetiana Zaitseva, 68, said her son Artem Zaitsev, 44, died shortly after being taken to a territorial recruitment center in Kryvyi Rig following his detention by police and military personnel during the night of May 4-5, 2024.

Ukrainian authorities have attributed his death to a medical episode linked to a heart condition. Zaitseva disputes that finding and says injuries sustained while in custody contributed to his death.

The case has drawn attention as Ukraine continues mandatory military mobilization introduced after Russia’s 2022 invasion. While reported incidents involving violence against conscripts represent a small fraction of overall call-ups, complaints have increased as the conflict has evolved into a prolonged war of attrition.

According to information documented through official announcements and media reports, at least 30 Ukrainians have died after mobilization since September 2023. Most cases involved pre-existing medical conditions, while four individuals died by suicide and two were reported to have been beaten.

Videos circulating on social media have also shown recruitment personnel forcibly detaining men for military service, fueling public criticism of enlistment practices. At the same time, recruitment officers have increasingly become targets of violence. Police data show three recruiters have been killed since 2022 and more than 600 attacks on recruitment centers have been recorded.

Defense Minister Mykhailo Fedorov, who took office in January, has pledged what he described as major changes to the mobilization system amid concerns over enforcement methods and public trust.

A Ukrainian officer serving on the front line told AFP that responsibility for mobilization should rest with police rather than military personnel and called for tougher penalties against corruption within the recruitment process.

Cases involving officials accused of issuing draft exemptions in exchange for bribes have further undermined confidence in the system, according to observers and polling data.

Zaitseva said she visited her son at the recruitment center shortly before his death and observed injuries to his face, including bruising and swollen lips. She said he assured her he was well enough at the time.
A second medical examination conducted at her request roughly 16 months after his death found evidence of non-fatal injuries, including broken ribs, that investigators said were sustained at the recruitment center.

A criminal case initially opened under a murder classification was later closed without further action before being reopened in February following an appeal by Zaitseva.

The case has been widely circulated by Russian media outlets and by Ukrainian blogger Myroslav Oleshko, who left Ukraine after seeking to avoid military service. Ukrainian investigative outlet Bihus criticized such coverage, arguing that some actors were using legitimate grievances to advance political or propaganda objectives.

Despite concerns over information manipulation, public dissatisfaction with recruitment practices remains significant. Oleksii Antypovych, director of polling firm Rating Group, said survey data indicate that more than 70% of Ukrainians are dissatisfied with recruitment authorities.

Antypovych said public frustration could deepen unless reforms are implemented to improve transparency and accountability within the mobilization process.

Standing beside her son’s grave near her home in Kryvyi Rig, Zaitseva said she continues to seek answers about the circumstances surrounding his death and wants those responsible, if any wrongdoing is established, to be held accountable.

The dispute intensified after two ultra-Orthodox factions withdrew support from Netanyahu’s coalition earlier this month, leaving the government without a parliamentary majority and triggering an initial vote on Wednesday to dissolve the Knesset, Israel’s parliament.

The political crisis centers on efforts to pass legislation preserving military draft exemptions for ultra-Orthodox seminary students, a decades-old arrangement that has become increasingly unpopular after more than two years of regional conflict and extended reserve duty for many Israelis.

Netanyahu is attempting to advance a bill that would formalize the exemptions and satisfy his religious coalition partners, but opposition within his own bloc has cast doubt over its chances of passage.

Deputy Foreign Minister Sharren Haskel said she was among several coalition lawmakers unwilling to support the legislation, describing demands by ultra-Orthodox parties as unfair during wartime.
“The ultra-Orthodox are trying to extort us. It’s immoral. It’s not fair,” Haskel said after Wednesday’s parliamentary vote, where she wore her military uniform to underscore her opposition.

Analysts say Netanyahu’s dependence on ultra-Orthodox parties, which currently hold 18 seats in the 120-member Knesset, has long helped him maintain political stability despite corruption allegations, repeated elections and regional conflicts.

“He made a promise to his most loyal allies in the coalition, and he could not deliver,” said Shmuel Rosner, referring to Netanyahu’s pledge to protect the exemptions system.

Ultra-Orthodox lawmaker Yitzhak Pindrus said his faction would not return to the coalition without legislation guaranteeing continued exemptions.
“We need the draft bill,” Pindrus said.

The political standoff reflects broader tensions within Israeli society over military service obligations. Most Jewish Israeli men are required to complete nearly three years of mandatory military service followed by reserve duty, while women generally serve two years.
Roughly 13,000 ultra-Orthodox men reach conscription age annually, but fewer than 10% enlist, according to Israeli parliamentary data.

The issue has become more politically sensitive as Israel maintains military operations in Gaza, Lebanon and Syria while also confronting heightened tensions with Iran, stretching reserve forces and intensifying public frustration over unequal service burdens.

Israel’s Supreme Court ruled in 2017 that the longstanding exemptions lacked legal basis, but successive governments delayed implementing changes.

Researchers say Netanyahu now faces a narrowing political path: preserving ties with ultra-Orthodox parties risks alienating broader conservative voters frustrated by military disparities, while abandoning the exemptions could permanently fracture his governing alliance.

Political observers say the coalition’s collapse could move elections forward from October to September, potentially ending one of the most durable governing partnerships in Israeli politics.