In a telephone conversation, Merz also voiced “grave concern” over developments in the Palestinian territories and stressed that there must be no “de facto partial annexation” of the West Bank, according to a government spokesperson.

The call comes amid escalating tensions following the conflict launched on February 28 by Israel and the United States against Iran, which has increasingly threatened to expand into a broader regional war. German officials said Merz reiterated Berlin’s support for diplomatic efforts aimed at securing an understanding between Washington and Tehran.

Merz, who had initially backed the U.S.-Israeli military action, has shifted his stance as economic risks and security concerns intensify, including Iranian retaliatory strikes and disruptions to global energy flows.

He also indicated that Germany could contribute to ensuring maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz, a key global oil transit route, but only after hostilities cease and necessary conditions are in place.Shipping through the strait, which previously accounted for roughly one-fifth of global oil supplies, has been significantly disrupted amid Iranian threats targeting commercial vessels.

The situation has been further complicated by a partial naval blockade declared by U.S. President Donald Trump following stalled negotiations with Iran.

Speaking at St. Peter’s Square after his Regina Coeli prayer, the pontiff said he felt “closer than ever” to Lebanon amid escalating violence, describing a moral obligation under international law to shield civilians from the effects of war.“

The principle of humanity entails the moral obligation to protect the civilian population from the atrocious effects of war,” he said, addressing crowds gathered at the Vatican.

Lebanon has been drawn into the regional conflict since last month, as Israel intensified strikes against Hezbollah, with Lebanese authorities reporting more than 2,000 people killed.

Without naming specific countries, the pope urged warring sides to seek a peaceful resolution, reiterating calls for dialogue and mediation over continued military escalation.

His remarks followed the failure of recent talks between the United States and Iran in Pakistan to reach an agreement aimed at ending the broader conflict.

On Saturday, the pope delivered one of his strongest appeals yet against the war, calling on leaders to halt hostilities and return to negotiations. “Stop! It is time for peace!” he said, criticizing what he described as a growing reliance on rearmament and displays of power.

The 70-year-old pontiff, who leads the world’s 1.4 billion Catholics, has repeatedly called for de-escalation and a diplomatic solution to the conflict.

He is scheduled to travel to Algeria on Monday for an 11-day visit focused on interfaith dialogue and strengthening ties with the Islamic world.