The resolution, sponsored by China, extends the mandate of the UN political mission in Afghanistan, known as UNAMA, until June 17, 2027, and reinforces its role in supporting humanitarian assistance and promoting inclusive governance without discrimination based on sex, religion or ethnicity.

It also calls for the “full, equal, meaningful and safe participation” of women, minorities, youth and persons with disabilities in Afghanistan’s political and social life, according to the text adopted by the Council.

The vote followed reports of the arrest of at least 30 women in the western city of Herat this month for allegedly violating Taliban-imposed dress regulations, an incident that triggered a rare protest which was dispersed by security forces, according to the UN mission.

The Taliban, who regained control of Afghanistan in 2021 following the withdrawal of US-led forces, have imposed sweeping restrictions on women’s rights, including limits on education beyond primary school and access to employment, drawing repeated condemnation from international organisations.

United States deputy ambassador Jennifer Locetta said the Taliban must meet international obligations, end abuses against women and girls, and address counterterrorism commitments, including concerns over militant activity in the country.

Pakistan’s UN ambassador Asim Ahmad said the resolution also reflected concern over the presence of armed groups operating in Afghanistan that pose a threat to regional stability, amid ongoing cross-border tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan.

The Security Council resolution further authorises UNAMA to facilitate dialogue between the Taliban and regional actors and to support Afghanistan’s economic recovery, including efforts related to financial systems and the possible return of central bank assets for humanitarian use.