Few Indian music companies can trace their origins to a conversation with Rabindranath Tagore, survive the collapse of shellac records, navigate Partition, endure political unrest and later reinvent themselves for the digital age.

Hindusthan Records has done all of that.Founded in 1932 by entrepreneur Chandi Charan Saha, Hindusthan Records emerged during a period when recorded sound was transforming India’s cultural landscape.

The company would go on to preserve the voices of some of the country’s most influential artists, including Tagore, Kundan Lal Saigal and Sachin Dev Burman, while building one of the most significant music archives in eastern India.The roots of the company can be traced to the bustling Dharamtola district of Calcutta in the early twentieth century.

Motilal Saha, founder of ML Shaw & Company, sold imported bicycles and gramophones at a time when recorded music was beginning to attract affluent Indian consumers. The arrival of commercial recordings by artists such as Gauhar Jan helped create demand for gramophone players, turning recorded sound into a growing business.

After Motilal Saha’s death in 1916, his son Chandi Charan Saha expanded the family’s interests beyond retail. Fascinated by emerging media technologies, he entered the cinema equipment business and established distribution networks for Zeiss Ikon projectors across South and Southeast Asia.A visit to Europe in 1931 proved decisive.

In Germany, Saha studied modern sound-recording techniques and began considering the creation of an Indian-owned recording company capable of competing with foreign firms that dominated the market.That same year, he met Rabindranath Tagore during the poet’s European tour.

According to company records, Saha shared his ambition to establish a swadeshi recording enterprise. Tagore, who had earlier participated in indigenous recording experiments during the Swadeshi movement, supported the initiative and agreed to be associated with it.

The following year, Hindusthan Musical Products & Variety Syndicate Ltd, popularly known as Hindusthan Records, was established. Tagore became one of its first shareholders and participated in its earliest recordings. The company’s inaugural release featured Tagore’s song “Tobu Mone Rekho” on one side and a recitation on the other.

Tagore’s involvement extended beyond recording. He encouraged women from respectable Bengali families to participate in sessions, helping introduce voices such as Amiya Devi, Amita Sen and Sahana Devi to middle-class audiences. He also recommended students from Santiniketan and personally approved recordings before their release.

The company’s fortunes received a major boost in 1932 when film producer BN Sarkar joined its board. Sarkar’s New Theatres studio agreed to have songs from its productions recorded and marketed by Hindusthan Records.The partnership coincided with the rise of some of Indian cinema’s most influential films.

As productions such as “Chandidas” and later “Devdas” gained popularity, demand for their songs surged. Records carrying the New Theatres elephant logo found audiences far beyond Bengal, helping establish Hindusthan Records as a national brand.The company became associated with some of the most celebrated voices in Indian music.

KL Saigal began his recording career there, while Sachin Dev Burman found an early opportunity after reportedly being rejected elsewhere because of his distinctive vocal style.”Hindusthan Records gave me my start,” became a sentiment associated with several artists whose careers were shaped by the company’s willingness to experiment beyond mainstream commercial music.

Alongside film songs, Hindusthan Records built a diverse catalogue that included classical music, devotional compositions and Rabindra Sangeet. Musicians such as Ustad Faiyaz Khan and V Balsara contributed recordings that broadened the label’s artistic range.

The post-Independence era brought challenges. Partition in 1947 reduced Bengal’s market size and weakened the economic foundations of New Theatres. Many artists relocated to Bombay, altering the geography of India’s film and music industries.The company also faced operational constraints.

Its manufacturing arrangement with the Gramophone Company limited the recording of material produced outside Calcutta, eventually ending its long association with artists who moved elsewhere, including Sachin Dev Burman.

Nevertheless, some musicians maintained close ties with the label. According to Sovan Lal Saha, son of Chandi Charan Saha, KL Saigal continued returning to Calcutta to record at Hindusthan Records even after establishing his film career in Bombay.By the 1970s, another transformation was underway. The company launched INRECO, a manufacturing venture producing vinyl records.

However, political unrest in West Bengal and industrial disruptions created financial difficulties.”I was up to my ears in loan and I had to flee from Calcutta,” Sovan Lal Saha recalled in later years, describing the pressures faced by the business during that period.

The emergence of cassette technology further disrupted traditional record companies. Piracy compounded the industry’s challenges, forcing many established firms to rethink their business models.Ironically, another technological revolution helped revive the company.

The rise of mobile phones created demand for ringtones, providing a new source of revenue. Sovan Lal Saha said the income allowed the company to recover financially and rebuild operations.In the digital era, Hindusthan Records again adapted. It digitised its catalogue, launched a YouTube presence and repackaged archival material for contemporary audiences.

Historical recordings were combined with educational content exploring Bengali theatre, classical music traditions and devotional culture.The company’s latest expansion moved beyond music altogether. In January 2026, Hindusthan Records entered publishing, launching books on Bengali theatre history, Kali worship traditions and the stories behind Tagore’s recordings.

Music lovers visiting the Kolkata Book Fair were able to purchase decades-old recordings preserved on modern digital storage devices, a striking contrast to the shellac discs that first carried the company’s music nearly a century ago.

For Hindusthan Records, survival has depended on a repeated willingness to adapt. From gramophones and shellac records to vinyl, cassettes, mobile phones, YouTube and publishing, the company has repeatedly reinvented itself while preserving a significant part of India’s musical heritage.

Educators and policymakers are increasingly examining how schools can balance academic performance with broader developmental goals as education systems adapt to changing social and economic demands.

While standardized assessments and examination results remain key measures of educational success, many teachers argue that learning outcomes cannot be fully captured through test scores alone.

Growing attention is being directed toward critical thinking, communication skills, problem-solving abilities and emotional development as essential components of modern education.Supporters of a broader educational approach contend that students face a rapidly evolving environment shaped by technological change, economic uncertainty and increasing access to information.

In such conditions, they argue, schools must equip young people with skills that extend beyond traditional subject knowledge.Educational researchers have also highlighted the importance of adaptability and lifelong learning.

As labor markets evolve and career paths become less predictable, students may need to update their skills repeatedly throughout their lives.

This has led some institutions to place greater emphasis on independent learning and analytical thinking.At the same time, educators caution against abandoning academic rigor.

Core competencies in literacy, numeracy and subject-specific knowledge continue to form the foundation of educational achievement. Many school leaders argue that the challenge is not choosing between academic excellence and personal development but integrating both objectives effectively.

The debate reflects broader questions about the purpose of education in contemporary society.

As governments, schools and communities seek to prepare students for future challenges, discussions are increasingly focused on how education can support both intellectual achievement and personal growth.

For professional restaurant critics, dining out is both a pleasure and a discipline. The challenge is not simply to enjoy a meal but to experience it fully, assessing each course while maintaining an appreciation for balance, pacing and service.

According to several food writers and restaurant experts, navigating a restaurant meal successfully often depends less on how much is ordered and more on how carefully the experience is managed from beginning to end.

The process begins with moderation, particularly when it comes to drinks. Restaurant critic and writer Jimi Famurewa argues that excessive consumption can undermine the overall experience of a meal. He notes that diners can easily reach a point where the latter stages of a restaurant visit become difficult to remember clearly.

In his view, thoughtful pacing is essential if diners want to remain engaged with the food throughout the meal.Rather than consuming multiple alcoholic drinks within a short period, Famurewa advocates a more measured approach.

He suggests beginning with a cocktail or aperitif, while also acknowledging that mocktails and low- or no-alcohol alternatives can serve the same purpose. Wine can then accompany the main course, followed by a digestif or coffee at the conclusion of the meal.

The objective, he says, is to ensure that no single stage of the dining experience becomes excessive.The emphasis on moderation reflects a broader principle that many experienced diners share: preserving attention and appetite across the duration of the meal. In restaurants where multiple courses are served, each stage is intended to contribute to a larger culinary narrative.

Overindulgence early in the meal can diminish the ability to appreciate later dishes, affecting both enjoyment and judgment.Dessert presents a separate challenge. By the end of a lengthy meal, many diners may find themselves approaching the final course with limited appetite.

Food writer and broadcaster Grace Dent Platt argues that sharing desserts is often the most practical solution. She says she generally prefers desserts featuring citrus flavours, particularly lemon, because acidity can provide balance against richer elements and help prevent the meal from feeling overly heavy.

For Famurewa, dessert choices should also be guided by a sense of proportion. He notes that some diners deliberately consume lighter dishes earlier in the meal when they know a restaurant has a strong reputation for desserts.

However, he cautions against treating the final course as an obligation. In many cases, he says, a small serving such as a scoop of ice cream or an affogato can provide a satisfying conclusion without creating discomfort.His comments reflect a wider shift in dining preferences, particularly in restaurants where guests increasingly seek balance rather than excess.

Smaller desserts can deliver the desired sweetness while preserving a sense of ease at the end of the meal. According to Famurewa, the goal is to leave the restaurant feeling satisfied rather than overwhelmed by the quantity of food consumed.

The issue of what to do when a meal falls short of expectations remains more contentious. Restaurant experiences are influenced not only by food quality but also by service, atmosphere and interactions with staff.

The experts interviewed offer differing views on how diners should respond when dissatisfied.Food writer and critic Krishnendu Ramaswamy says customers should generally raise concerns when a meal fails to meet expectations.

He acknowledges that problems such as delayed service or receiving the wrong dish can occur in busy restaurants and regards such incidents as part of the realities of hospitality operations. However, he draws a distinction between operational mistakes and what he considers unacceptable behaviour from staff.

For Ramaswamy, rudeness and condescension represent more serious shortcomings than occasional service errors. He says these are the factors most likely to affect his overall impression of a restaurant. Even so, he notes that the threshold for withholding a tip is high and that service would need to be significantly below standard before he would consider doing so.

Famurewa advocates a more conversational approach to complaints. He argues that diners who have established a positive rapport with their server are often in a stronger position to discuss concerns openly.

Rather than making demands, he suggests customers explain their reaction to a dish in straightforward terms, indicating that a particular flavour or preparation did not appeal to them.Such an approach, he says, is more likely to generate understanding from restaurant staff and may encourage efforts to address the issue.

Famurewa also highlights the pressures facing many restaurants, particularly independent establishments operating in a challenging commercial environment. In his view, customers should keep those pressures in mind when raising concerns, while still communicating honestly about their experience.

Platt offers a markedly different perspective. Her advice is that diners should avoid confrontation if they are unhappy with a meal. Instead, she suggests leaving the dish unfinished, remaining polite throughout the interaction and simply choosing not to return to the restaurant in the future.

The contrasting viewpoints illustrate the absence of a universal rule for handling dissatisfaction in restaurants. While some experts favour direct communication as a means of improving the experience and providing feedback, others prefer a quieter form of consumer choice in which diners express their views through future purchasing decisions.

Across the discussion, however, a common theme emerges. Whether considering drinks, desserts or service issues, experienced restaurant observers consistently emphasise restraint, awareness and perspective.

Their recommendations suggest that successful dining is shaped not only by what appears on the plate but also by the decisions diners make throughout the meal, from the first drink to the final spoonful of dessert.

As concerns over excessive smartphone use continue to grow, consumers are increasingly turning to a range of digital and physical tools designed to reduce screen time and limit access to distracting applications.

The market for digital wellbeing products has expanded in recent years as smartphone users seek practical ways to manage habits associated with social media platforms and other highly engaging mobile applications.

Many of these solutions are built around the idea that reducing phone usage requires more than awareness alone and often depends on creating barriers that interrupt habitual behaviour.

One of the simplest approaches relies on a low-tech solution: placing a rubber band around a smartphone. While rudimentary, proponents argue that the added friction can serve as a reminder to use the device more intentionally.

The method has gained attention among individuals seeking inexpensive ways to discourage reflexive phone checking without relying on additional technology.Other users have embraced software-based interventions.

A growing category of applications is designed specifically to help people reduce dependence on their devices by employing many of the same behavioural techniques used by social media platforms to encourage engagement.

These tools typically incorporate reminders, progress tracking, rewards and other forms of gamification intended to reinforce periods of reduced screen use.Among the products attracting attention are BePresent and ScreenZen.

BePresent offers a range of usage-control features through a subscription model, while ScreenZen operates on a donation-based system and allows users to access its core functionality without charge. Both applications are designed to help users create barriers between themselves and frequently used apps, while providing incentives to maintain healthier digital habits.

Developers of such tools argue that technology itself can be used to counteract problematic usage patterns. By rewarding periods of abstinence and making access to distracting applications less immediate, they aim to reshape behaviour over time.

A separate category of products seeks to move beyond software restrictions by introducing a physical element into the process. One example is Brick, a small plastic tile that acts as a gateway to selected smartphone applications.

The device attaches magnetically to metal surfaces such as refrigerators, doors or other household fixtures. Users can tap the tile to lock designated applications and tap it again to restore access. While the smartphone remains fully operational for most functions, selected apps become inaccessible until the user physically returns to the Brick device to unlock them.

Supporters of the approach argue that physical separation addresses one of the main weaknesses of software-only restrictions. Applications that are deleted can often be reinstalled within seconds, while digital blockers may be disabled with minimal effort.

Introducing a physical step creates an additional layer of inconvenience that can discourage impulsive behaviour.The concept is rooted in behavioural psychology, which suggests that even small increases in effort can significantly reduce the likelihood of habitual actions.

By requiring users to move to a different location before regaining access to distracting applications, products such as Brick attempt to exploit natural tendencies toward convenience and inertia.Advocates say the effectiveness of these tools lies not in making access impossible but in making it less immediate.

Users remain free to access social media platforms or other restricted applications whenever necessary, but the added effort creates a moment of reflection before the action is completed.

The growing popularity of both software and hardware solutions highlights broader concerns surrounding digital wellbeing.

As smartphones continue to play an increasingly central role in daily life, consumers are experimenting with a variety of strategies aimed at regaining control over their attention and reducing the impact of constant connectivity.

A renewed surge of public interest in Mr Blobby is gathering momentum in 2026, reflecting a broader trend of nostalgia-driven engagement with legacy television characters and entertainment brands.

The pink-and-yellow character, long associated with British television culture, has experienced a resurgence in visibility, prompting commentators to describe the phenomenon as a “Blobaissance.”

The revival has been characterized by renewed public discussion, media attention and a growing appetite for references to one of the most recognizable figures in British entertainment history.

Observers of the trend suggest that the character’s enduring appeal stems from a combination of nostalgia and cultural familiarity. Decades after first entering the public consciousness, Mr Blobby continues to occupy a distinctive place in British popular culture, with appearances and references regularly generating audience engagement.

The latest resurgence has led some commentators to predict that additional Mr Blobby-related projects, appearances and media content could emerge as interest continues to grow.

The character’s highly recognizable visual identity and unconventional comedic style have contributed to his continued relevance among both older audiences familiar with his original appearances and younger viewers encountering him through contemporary media coverage.

The renewed attention highlights the enduring commercial and cultural value of legacy entertainment properties.

As media companies increasingly draw on established brands and familiar characters, nostalgia remains a significant driver of audience interest across television, streaming and digital platforms.

An amendment published on June 4, 2026, clarified a factual point relating to a spoof documentary featuring Mr Blobby. The correction stated that the programme was set at “Grumthorpe Colliery” in Nottinghamshire rather than the real Grimethorpe Colliery.

The resolution passed 215-208 after a small group of Republicans joined Democrats in defying President Donald Trump, reflecting growing concern in Congress over the cost and duration of the war.

House Democratic Leader Hakeem Jeffries said the conflict had cost U.S. taxpayers more than $100 billion and weakened America’s position, calling it a “reckless and costly war of choice.”

House Speaker Mike Johnson opposed the measure, arguing that Trump remains focused on securing a lasting resolution and reopening the Strait of Hormuz, a vital global energy route disrupted by the conflict.

The resolution now shifts attention to the Senate, where a similar measure has already advanced with bipartisan support but has yet to receive a final vote.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio warned that congressional restrictions could undermine U.S. leverage in negotiations with Tehran, while lawmakers continue debating the balance of war-making powers between Congress and the White House.

Sergei Aksyonov said on Telegram that the strike targeted non-residential facilities in the Crimean capital. He did not specify the type of attack or provide further details on the targeted sites.

The reported attack comes amid continuing hostilities between Russia and Ukraine, with both sides carrying out long-range strikes on military, energy and infrastructure targets.

There was no immediate comment from Ukrainian authorities regarding the incident.Crimea was annexed by Russia in 2014, a move rejected by Ukraine and most Western countries, and has remained a frequent target of attacks since the start of the broader conflict.

State media reported that Kim visited the newly unveiled facility on Wednesday, where he reviewed operations and long-term production plans. Photos released by the Korean Central News Agency showed what appeared to be a centrifuge hall used for enriching uranium, a key component in nuclear weapons.

South Korea’s Joint Chiefs of Staff assessed the site as a uranium enrichment facility and said Seoul was closely coordinating with the United States to monitor North Korean nuclear activities.

Kim said the need to strengthen North Korea’s nuclear deterrent had grown amid what he described as increasing military threats from the United States and its allies. He claimed the country’s production capacity for weapons-grade nuclear materials has more than doubled over the past five years.

The announcement underscores Pyongyang’s continued push to expand and modernize its nuclear arsenal following the collapse of nuclear diplomacy with the United States in 2019. International nuclear watchdog officials have previously reported increased activity at North Korean nuclear facilities.

The report found that some parents covered by a 2023 court settlement were detained or deported during the administration’s expanded immigration enforcement campaign, resulting in renewed family separations. Attorneys representing affected families said several deportations occurred despite legal safeguards intended to prevent such actions.

One case involved 11-year-old Ederson Galicia Alva, who was separated from his mother at the U.S.-Mexico border in 2018 and later reunited. In 2025, his mother was detained and deported to Guatemala, forcing the family to leave the United States before a federal judge ordered their return last month.

The American Civil Liberties Union, which led the lawsuit that ended the original family separation policy, said the renewed separations have caused further trauma to children and families already affected by earlier government actions.

The Department of Homeland Security said it complies with court orders and defended its immigration enforcement efforts, arguing that deportations and detentions are carried out under existing law.

The findings highlight renewed legal and political scrutiny of the administration’s immigration policies as federal authorities pursue large-scale deportation operations across the country.

Gunfire echoed through several districts of the Somali capital, with smoke rising over residential areas after hours of sporadic battles. Police said they were conducting a large-scale security operation against heavily armed militias accused of launching mortar attacks on parts of the city.

The violence follows a deepening political crisis after President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud announced an extension of his term beyond its scheduled May 15 expiry, a move rejected by opposition leaders and several regional authorities.

Former prime minister Hassan Ali Khaire accused government forces of attacking his convoy on Wednesday as he prepared to participate in demonstrations against the extension. Witnesses also reported clashes near the residence of former president Sharif Sheikh Ahmed.

The unrest comes as opposition groups mobilize protests against Mohamud’s plan to advance constitutional reforms and move Somalia toward direct elections, a proposal critics say concentrates power in the presidency.

Somalia remains politically fragile, with divisions among rival clans and a continuing insurgency by Al-Shabab complicating efforts to implement nationwide electoral reforms.